Sphere Journal: Diverse of The Knowledge upholds the highest standards of publication ethics and is committed to ensuring the integrity and quality of published works. The journal follows the guidelines of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and expects all parties involved—authors, editors, reviewers, and publishers—to adhere to ethical principles throughout the publication process.

Duties of Authors:

• Authors must submit original works that have not been previously published or submitted elsewhere.

• All sources must be properly cited; plagiarism in any form is strictly prohibited.

• Authors must disclose any potential conflicts of interest and acknowledge financial support if applicable.

• Data must be presented honestly, and any manipulation or fabrication is unacceptable.

• All authors listed must have significantly contributed to the work and approved the final version.

Duties of Editors:

• Editors are responsible for making publication decisions based on the manuscript's academic merit, originality, and relevance.

• Editors must ensure a fair, unbiased, and confidential review process.

• Editors must not have any conflict of interest with respect to the manuscript under review.

Duties of Reviewers:

• Reviewers must provide objective, constructive, and timely feedback.

• Reviewers must respect confidentiality and not use the information in the manuscript for personal gain.

• Any conflict of interest must be declared before accepting to review.

Ethical Violations:
Sphere Journal takes ethical breaches seriously. In cases of misconduct such as plagiarism, duplicate publication, or data falsification, the journal will take appropriate action, which may include retraction of the article, author notification, and reporting to the author’s institution.